International
Zelensky blames Russia as world vows response to food shortages
AFP | by Leon Bruneau and Amelie Bottollier-Depois
Global leaders called Tuesday for urgent efforts to address global food insecurity amid fears of disastrous harvests next year, as Ukraine’s president blamed Russia for the crisis and sought the world’s “toughest reaction” against Moscow.
On the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly, ministers from the European Union, United States, African Union and Spain met on food shortages which are seen as a key factor in conflicts and instability.
Appearing by video link was Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelensky, who directly accused Moscow of willingly triggering a food crisis.
“Any state that provokes famine, that tries to make access to food a privilege, that tries to make the protection of nations from famine dependent on… the mercy of some dictator — such a state must get the toughest reaction from the world,” Zelensky said.
He blamed Russian blockades and other “immoral actions” for slashing exports from Ukraine, a major agricultural producer.
“Russia must bear responsibility for this,” he said.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said Russian President Vladimir Putin, with his February invasion of Ukraine, “is trying to blackmail the international community with food.”
“There is no peace with hunger and we cannot combat hunger without peace,” Sanchez said.
The Group of Seven major industrial powers at a June summit in Germany promised $5 billion to fight food insecurity but German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said there was still “great urgency.”
“The Russian war of aggression has caused and accelerated a multidimensional global crisis. Countries in the Global South with prior vulnerabilities have been hit hardest,” Scholz said.
President Joe Biden will address the General Assembly on Wednesday and announce new US aid, Secretary of State Antony Blinken said.
In his own address Tuesday, French President Emmanuel Macron said his country will finance shipments of Ukrainian wheat to Somalia which is facing risk of famine.
Ukraine is one of the world’s largest grain producers and the Russian invasion sent global prices soaring.
Russia has cast blame on Western sanctions, an assertion denounced by Washington which says it is not targeting agricultural or humanitarian goods.
Turkey and the United Nations in July brokered a deal between Russia and Ukraine to allow ships with grain to sail through the blockaded Black Sea.
Putin has recently criticized the deal, pointing to shipments that have headed to Europe. US officials say some of the grain is then processed and sent to poorer countries.
“Despite some of the misinformation that continues to come from Moscow, that grain and other food products are getting where they need to go to the countries most in need, predominantly in the Global South,” Blinken said.
“It’s also helped lower food prices around the world. So it needs to keep going, it needs to be renewed. That is urgent.”
Long-term fears
Concerns are also mounting on the long-term impacts. A recent report by the Ukraine Conflict Observatory, a non-governmental US group, found that around 15 percent of Ukraine grain stocks have been lost since the invasion began.
And experts warn that disruptions in fertilizer shipments could seriously impede future harvests worldwide.
“It’s very clear that the current food supply disruption and the war in Ukraine is having an impact on the next harvest,” said Alvaro Lario, incoming president of the International Fund for Agricultural Development.
“There’s one or two harvests per year, and already we’re seeing that it’s going to be devastating for next year,” he told AFP, warning that the impact could be “much worse” than Covid.
He called for longer-term action, which would entail billions of dollars of investment, to ensure stability of food supply chains and adapt to a warming climate.
“We know the solutions and we have the institutions to make that happen. What is currently lacking is the political will, in terms of the investment,” he said.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said recently that the world had enough food in 2022 but that the problem was distribution.
If the situation does not stabilize this year, in 2023 “we risk to have a real lack of food,” he said.
International
Uruguay clears two ex-consuls of involvement in russian passport fraud case
The Public Prosecutor’s Office of Uruguay announced on Tuesday that it has requested the dismissal of charges against two former Uruguayan consuls in Russia accused of participating in a scheme involving the issuance of false passports, a case linked to the former head of security for President Luis Lacalle Pou.
The scheme, which involved providing Russian citizens with falsified documents to obtain Uruguayan passports, relates to a criminal organization that has been operating since 2015, according to investigations.
Judicial documents indicate that the diplomat identified by the initials S.D.C.M., who served as Uruguayan consul in Moscow from 2013 to 2018, was charged in late November 2022 with fraud and “14 crimes of identity assumption.”
The other consul, identified as G.L.P.M., was indicted in March 2023 for committing “repeated crimes of identity assumption.” He had served in Russia from February 2019 until February 2022.
“However, the Public Prosecutor’s Office continued investigating and dismissed the involvement of both consuls in the scheme,” the office said in a statement on Tuesday.
Prosecutor Sabrina Flores argued that “both officials did not speak Russian,” and that “from the forensic analysis of their cell phones, there is no evidence to hold them accountable for the investigated events.”
Additionally, the statement said that “on several occasions when passports with falsified documents were processed,” the consuls “were not in the country” or were “on leave.” It was also discovered that their signatures had been “forged.”
In the context of this case, the former head of security for Lacalle Pou, Alejandro Astesiano, was sentenced in February 2023 to four and a half years in prison for conspiracy and influence peddling, among other crimes, following a plea deal.
For good behavior, in May of this year, he was granted early release on probation under police supervision, a decision that the Public Prosecutor’s Office did not appeal.
International
Migrants gather in caravans for protection on dangerous journey to the U.S.
Migrants often gather in groups in southern Mexico to protect themselves from criminal organizations. However, they rarely get close to the border between Mexico and the United States.
When U.S. President-elect Donald Trump promised to impose new 25% tariffs on all products coming to the U.S. from Canada and Mexico, he stated that these tariffs would remain until drugs and people crossing the U.S. border were stopped.
Trump specifically mentioned a caravan of migrants heading to the United States from southern Mexico. This was the latest example of how Trump uses such group mobilizations to reinforce his statements about the border, although it is unusual for these groups to make it very far.
Groups of thousands of migrants usually gather in southern Mexico, near its border with Guatemala, which is more than 1,600 kilometers from the United States. The main reason is the power and safety that traveling in large groups provides.
While waiting in Tapachula, a city in southern Mexico, for humanitarian visas to travel through the country— a process that can often take months—migrants unite to prepare for their journey north.
Crossing Mexico can be a treacherous endeavor, especially for the poorest migrants, as they are vulnerable to kidnapping, extortion, or violence from either criminal groups or corrupt Mexican officials. Caravans help reduce the risk and avoid the high cost of hiring a smuggler to help them reach the U.S. border.
Many people, often from other parts of the Americas and increasingly from Asia and Africa, arrive in southern Mexico, sometimes after traveling hundreds of kilometers through jungles and multiple borders before reaching Mexico.
International
Trump’s social media announcement triggers panic with tariffs on Mexico and Canada
With just two messages on social media announcing devastating tariffs on Mexico, Canada, and China, Donald Trump caused a sharp drop in the stock prices of car manufacturers, triggered a roar from allies, and sent tremors through foreign ministries.
This style of communication, characteristic of the wealthy Republican, foretells a new term filled with shocking announcements on social media at any hour of the day and on any number of topics.
Late Monday night, the first message was posted on his Truth Social network.
The elected president announced he would impose 25% tariffs on “ALL products” from Canada and Mexico starting on the first day of his presidency.
It made no difference that both countries were tied to a free trade agreement with the United States.
“This tariff will remain in place until drugs, especially fentanyl, and all illegal migrants stop this invasion of our country,” Trump wrote, causing panic from Ottawa to Mexico City.
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