International
Jurassic Journeys: Mary Anning’s impact on evolutionary science
Mary Anning made some of the most significant geological discoveries in history, but her life and work have largely gone unnoticed due to the gender discrimination prevailing in 19th-century England. She meticulously explored the beaches of Dorset on the southwest coast of England, uncovering evidence of marine reptiles that shook the existing scientific knowledge.
Anning’s fossils are believed to have greatly influenced Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. However, being a poor and uneducated woman, she was never taken seriously by English society. The area where Mary conducted her research is now known as the Jurassic Coast, a stretch of about 152 kilometers in Dorset and Devon counties, recognized by UNESCO for its exceptional rocks, fossils, and geographical features.
Her Great Discoveries
Venturing along the cliffs of Lyme Regis, Mary observed every detail of the rocks, patiently searching through the strata. In 1811, she was informed by Joseph about a peculiar fossilized skull he had found. Mary meticulously excavated the skeleton for months, revealing a 5.2-meter-long creature.
Locals speculated that the boys had found a monster, while the scientific community thought it might be a crocodile. This discovery coincided with Georges Cuvier formulating his “Essay on the Theory of the Earth,” challenging religious principles by proposing catastrophic events in Earth’s history causing extinctions.
The mysterious specimen found by the Annings was eventually called Ichthyosaur, or “fish lizard,” a marine reptile that lived about 200 million years ago. Mary’s controversial and exceptional discoveries continued, including the first complete skeleton of a plesiosaur in 1823, challenging skeptics who initially thought it was fake.
Mary also found the first pterosaur outside Germany, and she is credited as a pioneer in the study of coprolites, fossilized feces. Despite her exceptional achievements, Mary faced systematic discrimination due to her gender, excluded from academic institutions. She persevered, self-educated, and established connections with scientists who recognized her worth.
Mary Anning was never formally admitted to the Geological Society of London due to her gender. The institution acknowledged her talent and contributions many years after her death from breast cancer in 1847 at the age of 47. Mary undoubtedly pioneered in a male-dominated world, paving the way for future generations of female scientists.
International
Justice Department Misses Deadline as Millions of Epstein Files Remain Under Review
The U.S. Department of Justice said on Monday that it is continuing to review more than two million documentspotentially linked to convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.
Last month, the department began releasing records from its decades-long investigation into Epstein, a wealthy financier who died in a New York jail in 2019 while awaiting trial on federal charges of sex trafficking of minors.
However, the Justice Department failed to meet the legal deadline established by the so-called Epstein Files Transparency Act, which required all related documents to be made public no later than December 19.
In a letter sent Monday to a federal judge, the department stated that more than two million documents remain “at various stages of review.”
According to the filing, authorities have so far released approximately 12,285 documents totaling more than 125,000 pages, in compliance with the law. Those materials, however, represent less than 1 percent of the total volume currently under review.
International
Beijing Says International Support Strengthens Its Position on Taiwan Sovereignty Issue
A spokesperson for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Lin Jian, stated at a regular press briefing that several dozen countries have expressed support for China’s actions following recent countermeasures and military drills concerning the Taiwan region. These comments were made as Beijing continues to defend its stance on Taiwan after large-scale military exercises by the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) near the island
According to the official statement, countries including Russia, Cuba, Serbia, Venezuela, Zimbabwe, Pakistan and others publicly reaffirmed their commitment to the one-China principle, reiterated their opposition to external interference in China’s internal affairs, and voiced support for China’s efforts to safeguard its sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Lin emphasized that these countries specifically noted that “Taiwan is an inalienable part of China’s territory” and that “the Taiwan question is China’s internal affair,” adding that any form of Taiwanese independence must be rejected. He also praised these nations for their firm diplomatic support.
The spokesperson reiterated China’s position that it will remain steadfast in defending its national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, and warned that any provocations concerning the Taiwan question would be met with a firm response.
International
Maduro, Delcy Rodríguez sued in Florida over alleged kidnapping, torture and terrorism
U.S. citizens have revived a lawsuit in Miami against Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro following his capture, as well as against Vice President and now acting leader Delcy Rodríguez and other senior Chavista officials, whom they accuse of kidnapping, torture, and terrorism.
The plaintiffs — including U.S. citizens who were kidnapped in Venezuela and two minors — filed a motion over the weekend before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida asking the court to declare the defendants in default for failing to respond to the lawsuit initially filed on August 14, 2025, according to court documents made public on Monday.
The case, assigned to Judge Darrin P. Gayles, accuses the Venezuelan leaders of violating the U.S. Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA), the Florida Anti-Terrorism Act, and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO).
In addition to Maduro and Rodríguez, the lawsuit names Venezuelan Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino López; Attorney General Tarek William Saab; Interior Minister Diosdado Cabello; former Supreme Court Chief Justice Maikel Moreno; and National Assembly President Jorge Rodríguez.
The complaint also lists the state-owned oil company Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) and former Electricity Minister Néstor Reverol as defendants.
According to the filing, Maduro “committed flagrant acts of terrorism against U.S. citizens,” citing the criminal case in New York in which Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, appeared in court for the first time on Monday following their arrest on Saturday.
The lawsuit claims that the plaintiffs “were held captive by Maduro” with “illegal material support” from the other defendants, whom it identifies as members of the Cartel of the Suns, a group designated by the United States as a terrorist organization last year.
Justice Department Misses Deadline as Millions of Epstein Files Remain Under Review
Beijing Says International Support Strengthens Its Position on Taiwan Sovereignty Issue
Maduro, Delcy Rodríguez sued in Florida over alleged kidnapping, torture and terrorism
Tec de Monterrey honors one of its students for his contribution to nanotechnology in medicine
Defense Minister commends salvadoran soldier for Central American Cross Country victory
Extension of the state of emergency approved in southern Chile
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