60% participation in the referendum was reported this Sunday by the National Electoral Council (CNE) ninety minutes before the polling stations were closed in Ecuador, where the day took place with “tranquility” until the murder of the director of a prison was recorded.

The percentage was confirmed by the president of the CNE, Diana Atamaint, in the second report on the electoral process to which more than 13.6 million Ecuadorians are summoned to answer eleven questions related to security, justice, investment and employment.

Atamaint publicly invited the population to come to vote because “the country needs them,” he said in a public appearance.

This vote will be a turning point for Noboa, who plays in it the high popularity achieved in the first months of his mandate by having elevated the fight against criminal gangs to the category of “internal armed conflict.”

During the opening ceremony of the day, Noboa remarked that this referendum “will mark the direction of the challenge to face organized crime, the fight against corruption and job creation.”

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CEL

“Today is our time to make history, to mark a before and after,” said Noboa, for whom “this consultation collects several political flags.”

The referendum is held at one of the most delicate moments for Noboa in the nearly five months he has been in power, with an international diplomatic crisis due to the assault on the Mexican Embassy to arrest former Vice President Jorge Glas and with an internal energy crisis with blackouts of up to eight hours a day this week.

In case of winning the plebiscite, Noboa will be reinforced with a view to the new general elections that will take place in less than ten months and where the president evaluates running for re-election, but if he loses he can be weakened for the remainder of his mandate, until May 2025.

Criminal violence has also rebounded in the week of the referendum with the murder of two mayors in rural towns in whose territories there is the presence of illegal mining, an activity in which organized crime has also incursion, which has drug trafficking as its main business.

Among the eleven questions there are five that imply changes in the 2008 Constitution approved during the presidential term of Rafael Correa (2007-2017), while the remaining six must be processed through the National Assembly (Parliament), in case of receiving the support of the population.

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CEL

Most propose legal tools to strengthen the fight against organized crime, which is attributed the wave of violence that has led the country to be among the first in Latin America in homicides, with about 45 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2023.

Therefore, he proposes that the Armed Forces support the Police in operations against organized crime on a permanent basis, and that the military be in charge of controlling access to prisons, the epicenter of this crisis having been dominated until a few years ago by criminal gangs, with large arsenals of weapons in their possession.

It also seeks to allow the extraditions of Ecuadorians required by the Justice of other countries and raise the penalties for crimes related to organized crime, as well as eliminate the prison benefits for several of these criminal figures.

To this is added the proposals to create a crime of possession and carrying of weapons for the exclusive use of the Police and the Armed Forces and that the weapons seized from crime immediately move on to equip police and military, in addition to expediting the process of expropriation of illegal property.

Other issues focus on establishing a system of constitutional courts, accepting international arbitrations in any jurisdiction and allowing hourly labor contracts.

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CEL

In Ecuador, voting is mandatory for people between 18 and 65 years old, while it is optional for adolescents between 16 and 18 years old and also for those over 65 years of age, as well as for police, military and prisoners without a final sentence.