International
Boluarte celebrates two years in power in Peru surrounded by judicial scandals
Two years have passed since Dina Boluarte made her accidental entry into the Presidency of Peru, 24 months in which her mandate has been entangled in judicial scandals that have placed the head of state in the eye of a legal hurricane with investigations that include abandonment of office, corruption or cover-up.
Elected as vice president in the 2021 elections, her arrival at the head of state was marked by the failed self-coup of state of her predecessor, Pedro Castillo, which was followed by a wave of protests whose repression, which resulted in 49 deaths at the hands of the public force, meant the opening of the first investigation against her.
The winding path of Justice in Peru must, in all cases, follow the path of the constitutional complaint, a special procedure that applies to senior state officials who have immunity. Congress must give the green light to the Prosecutor’s Office so that the chamber recommends that the person under investigation be charged. If not, the investigations must be closed.
Here is a review of the cases opened against President Boluarte that have generated scandal in Peru.
Deaths in protests
The first investigation opened to Boluarte was for the crimes of homicide, genocide and serious injuries in the anti-government protests of late 2022 and early 2023.
Congress did not accept the first complaint of the then attorney general, Patricia Benavides, so it had to be filed.
However, a second investigation by the Prosecutor’s Office, for the same case and for the crimes of homicide and injury, continues to advance and seeks to clarify whether the president was responsible for the deaths, that is, if her orders were the cause of the deaths, something that her defense denies.
The ‘Rolexgate’, the most red-to-aun scandal in Boluarte in Peru
The most media case was opened as a result of some luxury watches and jewelry that Boluarte wore and that he had not declared.
The investigation separated the case into two processes, one of them, related to the reception of these sumptuous objects, which already led to a constitutional complaint for bribery that has received a first approval in a subcommittee of Congress and must obtain the final green light in the plenary.
The alleged cover-up of its former leader
Probably the most tandated case. Boluarte was active until 2022 in the Free Peru party, a group linked to traditional Marxism and with an omnipotent leader, trained in Cuba and aspiring to Castro caudillismo: Vladimir Cerrón.
The politician has been convicted of a corruption case from his time as regional governor and has been a fugitive from justice for more than a year. Boluarte’s links with his former leader and the police inability to arrest him have unleashed all kinds of speculation.
These were fired by the presence of an official vehicle of the Presidency in an area where the Police were looking for Cerrón. In the absence of answers from Boluarte, the Prosecutor’s Office opened an investigation against her for alleged cover-up, according to the president’s defense lawyer.
Dark meetings
Last October, Boluarte unexpectedly went to the Prosecutor’s Office to testify about another investigation for having received the then Attorney General Patricia Benavides, with the alleged purpose of filing a complaint against him in exchange for maintaining the director of the Police.
The former prosecutor was dismissed for interfering in an investigation against her sister, Judge Enma Benavides, and is also accused of allegedly leading an alleged influence peddling network.
The Public Ministry reported that it is investigating the ruler for the alleged commission of the crime of improper passive bribery in grievance of the State for allegedly accepting from Benavides “the promise of filing” of the genocide investigation in exchange for not removing the then general commander of the National Police from office.
Abandonment of office
The last open scandal was born from a nose surgery in 2023, whose effects were evident, which neither Boluarte nor his team have wanted to confirm by considering that it is his private life.
The surgery, according to experts, involved a general anesthesia and a period of convalescence. During the twelve days following that operation, he had no public activity and his communications team spread, through his platforms, old photographs.
After his former Prime Minister Alberto Otárola confirmed the surgery, the Prosecutor’s Office opened a new investigation into the alleged crime of abandonment of office, by not communicating the temporary impediment to exercise the position, during the period in which, allegedly, he had his medical leave.
International
The AP agency sues the Trump Government after being banned for writing Gulf of Mexico
The American press agency Associated Press (AP) announced this Friday that it has sued three members of the Donald Trump Administration after being banned from the Oval Office and the presidential plane Air Force One for not complying with the directive of calling the Gulf of Mexico the Gulf of America.
“The press and all people in the United States have the right to choose their own words and not to be retaliated for it by the Government. The Constitution does not allow the Government to control freedom of expression,” the media maintains.
In its style guide, AP decided to continue calling the Gulf of Mexico “by its original name”, still mentioning the new name chosen by Trump, since it is a body of water that shares a border with Mexico and Cuba.
The White House formally blocked AP’s access to the Oval Office and Air Force One on February 14. “We are very proud of this country and we want it to be the Gulf of America,” Trump said on Tuesday.
The agency’s lawsuit, of 18 pages and filed before a federal court in Washington DC, alleges that they have decided to take this step to claim their right to editorial independence and prevent the Executive from coercing journalists to use only a language approved by it.
Trump signed the executive order to change the name to Gulf of America on January 20, the first day of his return to power. He later named February 9 as ‘ Gulf of America Day’.
The AP complaint is specifically directed against the president’s chief of staff, Susie Wiles, his number two, Taylor Budowich, and the White House spokeswoman, Karoline Leavitt.
This Thursday, more than thirty US media asked the Government to restore AP’s participation in presidential events and not to take into account “the editorial point of view” when limiting access to the White House.
Among the signatories are the television networks Fox News and Newsmax, with a conservative tinge, in addition to other large newspapers such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, CNN, The Wall Street Journal or The Atlantic.
AP highlighted when reporting on his complaint that this Friday Trump referred to that agency as “radical left-wing lunatics”: It is “a third-rate company with a first name,” he said about it, the main one in the country and founded in 1846.
International
Buenos Aires advances legislative elections to May 18 and suspends the primaries
The Legislature of the city of Buenos Aires approved this Friday the suspension of the open, simultaneous and mandatory primary elections (PASO), a measure that, according to the deputy head of government, Clara Muzzio, “allows to save 20 billion pesos (about 18,894 million dollars)”, and advanced the legislative elections for May 18.
“The City Legislature suspended the PASO, a measure that saves $20 billion for neighbors,” Muzzio announced on Friday.
For his part, the mayor of the City, Jorge Macri, maintained that the PASO “were an expensive mechanism that only solved the problems of politicians, not of the people.”
The May 18 elections, which were originally scheduled for July, will be held through the Single Electronic Ballot system.
In that instance, the inhabitants of the city of Buenos Aires will elect their local legislators and, in October, they will have to return to the polls to define, together with the rest of the country, the composition of the chambers of Deputies and Senators.
“The fact that the elections are in May allows each Buenos Aires to decide on their own city, without being tied to national discussions,” said the mayor.
The project was approved in the Buenos Aires legislature with 55 votes in favor, 3 against and one abstention, after an agreement between the main political forces.
The suspension of the primaries in the City of Buenos Aires occurs one day after the Argentine Parliament approved the same measure at the national level.
The original project sent by the national government sought the elimination of the primary system but finally, given the lack of support for that objective, the government chose to promote an initiative that suspends them for this year.
The primary election system was first implemented in Argentina to define the candidates for the 2011 general elections, based on a political reform approved by Parliament at the end of 2009, with the aim of democratizing political representation, transparency and electoral equity.
According to the PASO system, to be qualified to compete in the general elections, candidates or lists of candidates must achieve at least 1.5% of the total votes in the primaries.
All parties are obliged to participate in the primaries, although they do not necessarily have to present more than one list of candidates to decide which one will lead to the general elections, an option for which the majority of the forces have opted in the last elections.
That is one of the reasons why the system has been questioned, among which are also its costs and the cumbersomeness of the organization.
International
Trump threatens to impose tariffs on governments that apply digital fees to US companies
The President of the United States, Donald Trump, signed an executive order on Friday that threatens to impose tariffs on foreign governments that apply digital fees to US companies, including Spain, the United Kingdom and France.
The order states that “foreign governments have exercised a growing extraterritorial authority over US companies, particularly in the technology sector,” and directly cites the taxes on digital services that “several business partners” apply since 2019.
According to the text, the Trump Administration will impose tariffs on those governments that use taxes or regulations that are “discriminatory, disproportionate or designed to transfer significant funds or intellectual property from US companies to that government or its chosen domestic entities.”
Trump delegates to the US Trade Representative the possibility of “renewing investigations” on the so-called technology fees of Spain, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Austria and Turkey, imposed in the first term of the Republican, and if so, “take all appropriate actions”, which would include the imposition of tariffs.
“US companies will no longer sustain failed foreign economies through fines and extortionational taxes,” says the White House document, which provides for a “process” for them to “report” these “disproportionate” measures to the Commercial Representative.
He also instructs him to investigate together with the Secretaries of the Treasury and Commerce whether in the European Union or the United Kingdom the use of products or services of US companies is “required or encouraged” to “undermine freedom of expression”, political activity or, “otherwise, moderate content”.
It also suggests to the Representative, among other things, to hold “a panel” with its partners of the T-MEC (Canada and Mexico) on the tax on digital services in Canada, and identify ways to achieve a “permanent moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions”.
The order does not mention any specific company, but mainly affects large technology companies such as Apple, Google (subsidiary of Alphabet), Meta and Amazon, which have precisely starred in a resounded approach to President Trump since he won the elections in November.
In his first term (2017-2021), Trump ordered to investigate the digital fees to his companies abroad and threatened to apply tariffs to the six countries indicated today; taxes were imposed in the government of his successor, the Democrat Joe Biden, and subsequently suspended.
Trump signed another executive order aimed at restricting access to US technology, especially in the field of artificial intelligence, what he calls “foreign adversaries”, including Cuba, Venezuela, Iran, Russia and China.
The executive order does not specify in detail what measures will be taken to restrict the access of these “foreign adversaries” to US technology.
Under the label of “foreign adversaries”, the order identifies China, Hong Kong, Macau, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia and the “regime of Venezuelan politician Nicolás Maduro”, according to the text.
Trump justifies his decision with the argument that “economic security is national security” and maintains that the country must protect its sensitive infrastructures and technologies, from artificial intelligence to semiconductors and advances in biotechnology.
The executive order focuses especially on China, pointing out that companies linked to Beijing have used investments in the US to access key technologies and that the Chinese government is taking advantage of US technology to modernize its military apparatus.
Since his return to the White House on January 20, Trump has announced several restrictions on trade with the aim of balancing the trade balance and pressuring countries such as Mexico and Canada to make concessions on immigration and efforts against drug trafficking.
It has imposed a 10% tariff on China, which is in addition to the rates already applied during its first term (2017-2021).
Trump’s new restrictions come after his predecessor, Joe Biden, took steps to limit exports of semiconductors and artificial intelligence technology to China, which led Beijing to respond with export controls on graphite, a key material for electric vehicle batteries.
The AP agency sues the Trump Government after being banned for writing Gulf of Mexico
Buenos Aires advances legislative elections to May 18 and suspends the primaries
Trump threatens to impose tariffs on governments that apply digital fees to US companies
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